Sources

“Clinical Guidelines for Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis.” Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 5 Aug. 2025, www.cdc.gov/group-a-strep/hcp/clinical-guidance/post-streptococcal-glomerulonephritis.html. 

“Diabetic Nephropathy (Kidney Disease).” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 24 Oct. 2023, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetic-nephropathy/symptoms-causes/syc-20354556.

“Glomerulonephritis.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 24 Feb. 2024, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/glomerulonephritis/symptoms-causes/syc-20355705.

“Glomerulonephritis.” Harvard Health, 6 Nov. 2024, www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/glomerulonephritis-a-to-z.

“Glomerulonephritis: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia.” MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine, medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000484.htm. Accessed 7 Jan. 2026.

“Glomerulonephritis Causes, Symptoms, and Treatments.” UPMC, 24 Mar. 2025, www.upmc.com/services/kidney-disease/conditions/glomerulonephritis.

Glomeruli Stock Photos and Pictures - 1,955 Images | Shutterstock, www.shutterstock.com/search/glomeruli. Accessed 7 Jan. 2026.

Hospitals, Medway. “Diabetic Kidney Disease Symptoms: Medway Hospitals’ Care.” Medway Hospitals, 15 Dec. 2025, medwayhospitals.com/diabetic-kidney-disease-symptoms/.

Leyson-Azuela, Jaclyn P. “What Is the Life Expectancy of Someone with Polycystic Kidney Disease?” Ribbon Checkup, 25 June 2025, ribboncheckup.com/blogs/kidney-health/what-is-the-life-expectancy-of-someone-with-polycystic-kidney-disease?srsltid=AfmBOorF63I2mniKafL6Rl_Fu3KBUc2lnmssgM7bkzufnnbkg6acVF7k.

“Polycystic Kidney Disease.” Polycystic Kidney Disease, www.bcrenal.ca/health-professionals/clinical-resources/polycystic-kidney-disease. Accessed 12 Nov. 2025.

“Polycystic Kidney Disease.” Mayo Clinic, Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, 26 Aug. 2025, www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polycystic-kidney-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20352820.

“Poststreptococcal Glomerulonephritis (GN): Medlineplus Medical Encyclopedia.” MedlinePlus, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 28 Aug. 2023, medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000503.htm.

“Kidneys, Ureters and Suprarenal Glands.” Kenhub, 19 Feb. 2024, www.kenhub.com/en/library/anatomy/kidneys-ureters-and-suprarenal-glands.

“Slagter - Drawing Anatomy of Kidney, Nephron and Glomerulus - No Labels.” AnatomyTOOL, anatomytool.org/content/slagter-drawing-anatomy-kidney-nephron-and-glomerulus-no-labels. Accessed 11 Jan. 2026.

3+ Thousand Human Kidney Nephron Royalty-Free Images, Stock Photos & Pictures | Shutterstock, www.shutterstock.com/search/human-kidney-nephron. Accessed 12 Jan. 2026.

“What Is Glomerulonephritis?” Cleveland Clinic, 25 Nov. 2025, my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16167-glomerulonephritis-gn.